Today’s topic is When Is Sunflower Season In Texas. Obviously, you can find a great deal of Sunflower Field Navasota Tx-related content online. The proliferation of online platforms has streamlined our access to information.
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30 Shocking Facts About When Is Sunflower Season In Texas | When Are Sunflowers In Season For Weddings
- Charcoal rot, caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseoil (Sclerotium bataticola), is the most destructive stalk rot of sunflowers under high temperatures and drouth conditions. It is unpredictable and more or less sporadic in appearance, occurring only rarely in the northern production areas. It is more common in the southern areas. - Source: Internet
- Nitrogen can be broadcast either fall or spring on medium to moderately fine textured soils. To prevent loss of broadcast nitrogen, it should be incorporated within 2 days after broadcasting. For coarse textured and low lying fine textured soils, nitrogen may be broadcast in the spring and incorporated. A portion of the nitrogen also may be sidedressed when the sunflowers are less than one-foot tall; sidedressing at later stages may damage the lateral roots. - Source: Internet
- Sclerotinia stalk and head rot occurs in all areas of sunflower production. The inciting fungus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has an extremely wide host range and attacks many vegetable and field crops, including dry beans, rapeseed, flax, sugarbeets, potatoes, soybeans, and clover. It does not attack the cereal and grain crops. Sunflowers are extremely susceptible and may show severe loss while other host crops are only lightly damaged. - Source: Internet
- The carrot beetle must be considered an occasional threat to successful sunflower production in the southwestern United States. Sunflowers in the Texas rolling plains have sustained severe damage by this species. Light-trap catches of 10,000 beetles per night in May and August are not uncommon in this region. Carrot beetles feed on the roots of sunflowers, causing plants to wilt and die. - Source: Internet
- Adult carrot beetles are similar in appearance to the common “June bug” or “May beetle” except that they are darker (deep reddish-brown to black) in color. Carrot beetles occur throughout the High and Rolling Plains and damage sunflowers by burrowing into the soil and feeding on the roots. Due to this root pruning, damaged plants take on a drought-stressed appearance and may eventually die. Damage may occur at any stage of plant development. - Source: Internet
- Operators accustomed to drying corn or small grains may tend to overdry sunflower. About half as much water per bushel of sunflower needs to be removed per percentage point of moisture content as compared to corn or wheat. For example, drying corn from 25 percent to 15 percent moisture will remove 6.6 pounds of moisture per bushel. Drying sunflower from 20 percent to 10 percent removes only about three pounds of moisture per bushel. - Source: Internet
- Column batch and bin batch dryers should be operated at 140 and 110 F, respectively. Continuous flow dryers may be operated at temperatures up to about 200 F. Temperatures over 110 Fahrenheitshould not be used to dry sunflower seed for seeding purposes. - Source: Internet
- Sunflowers are adapted to a wide variety of soils and climatic conditions but perform best when grown on good land and provided sound management practices. Some soils consistently produce larger yields of sunflowers than other soils. The properties of soils that influence sunflower yields include (a) water holding capacity, (b) internal drainage, (c) seedbed condition, and (d) soil fertility. - Source: Internet
- An air space should be left in the top of the bin to facilitate checking the condition of stored seed. Bins should be checked initially every two weeks for moisture condensation on the roof, crusting, and for changes in temperatures within the pile. Any of these conditions could indicate the presence of mold or insects. If the pile has started to heat, the pile should be cooled immediately because spontaneous combustion is a real danger. The sunflower should be checked at least monthly after the seeds have been cooled to about 25 Fahrenheitfor winter storage and a history of temperature and moisture content has been developed. - Source: Internet
- Early detected fires are relatively easy to extinguish so the dryer should be monitored constantly. If a fire is detected, the air flow should be shut off first. Water can be applied directly to the area where the fire is occurring, or the dryer can be unloaded onto the ground and the fire extinguished outside the dryer. A sunflower fire should be handled as an oil fire. A fire extinguisher could be used to put out the fire but care must be exercised to avoid contaminating the sunflower. - Source: Internet
- Verticillium dahliae, the fungus inciting wilt of sunflowers, has a wide host range and causes wilt of several other cultivated plants and weeds. In the principal sunflower producing area of the U.S., potatoes are the other important prime host of Verticillium. Consequently, sunflowers and potatoes should not be grown in the same rotation, especially if wilt has been previously observed in either crop in the rotation. - Source: Internet
- Most sunflower varieties mature in 85 to 95 days. As maturity progresses with heat units, it takes early planted sunflowers longer to mature than later planted acreage of the same variety. Maturity of the crop is also hastened by photoperiod in late plantings. - Source: Internet
- Sunflowers planted on land with no previous sunflower history have occasionally shown considerable downy mildew, resulting in a great deal of puzzlement among growers concerning the source of the disease and causing many to suspect seed transmission. Spores of the fungus occurring on volunteer or wild annual sunflower plants in neighboring fields or on neighboring farms can blow to newly-planted fields and can cause heavy infection under favorable weather conditions. These wind-borne spores probably are responsible for downy mildew in fields with no sunflower history. Spores can blow several miles under favorable conditions and still remain infectious. - Source: Internet
- Soil sampling and soil testing are recommended for determining the soil fertility level and for making fertilizer recommendations. Soil tests make it possible to classify the soil’s ability to supply nutrients as very low (VL), low (L), medium (M), high (H) or very high (VH). Fertilizer recommendations are based on the level of available nutrients and a realistic yield goal. A realistic yield goal is estimated from the highest sunflower yield that has been produced on the field or farm. It is then adjusted up or down depending on stored soil water, on expected precipitation, and on changes in management practices. - Source: Internet
- Major pests of sunflowers are the sunflower moth and the carrot beetle. The sunflower moth can be successfully controlled with insecticides, but no effective control method has been found for the carrot beetle. In addition to these pests, a number of stem girdlers, leaf feeders, and stem borers may be capable of reducing sunflower seed yields if present in sufficient numbers. - Source: Internet
- Many growers believe that sunflowers do not require as much applied fertilizer as cereals. Sunflowers have an extensive root system which may help them utilize residual soil nutrients. To achieve consistent yields, an adequate fertilizer program must be a part of sunflower production. - Source: Internet
- Oil sunflower should not be stored above 10 percent moisture during the winter and 8 percent during the summer. Nonoilseed sunflower should not be stored above 11 percent moisture during the winter and 10 percent during the summer. Sunflower can be stored for short periods at 12 percent with adequate airflow to keep the seeds cool. Resistance of oilseed sunflower to fungal infection during storage at 10 percent moisture is equal to wheat resistance at 17 percent stored moisture. - Source: Internet
- The adult is a light brown to buff colored moth. Female moths lay eggs in or between the individual flower tubes on the sunflower head during the bloom stage. The eggs hatch in 48 to 72 hours and the newly-hatched larva (about 1/8 inch large and yellowish in color) feed on the surface of the flower for about 2 days. They then tunnel into developing seed and the fleshy receptacle of the head where they feed for an additional 19 to 20 days. Each larva normally damage or destroy 9 to 10 seed. - Source: Internet
- There are 30 or more known diseases of sunflowers, but only 10 are commonly seen. Of these, only six (downy mildew, rust, Sclerotinia stalk and head rot, Verticillium wilt, Phoma black stem, and Alternaria leaf and stem spot) threatens sunflower yields. Septoria leaf spot, powdery mildew, Rhizopus head rot, and charcoal stem rot are diseases which, although occasionally observed, seldom reach severe proportions. - Source: Internet
- Most oil and confectionary cultivars presently available are the result of hybridization. Seed of these hybrids is more expensive than open pollinated sunflowers but the associated hybrid vigor generally results in higher yields. In sunflower planted for food plots, it is not necessary to seek hybrid seed. Experimental trials have not been recently conducted in West Central Texas to evaluate the best germplasm. Seek information from sunflower seed producers relative to hybrid selection. - Source: Internet
- The fungus overwinters on plant debris as heavily walled resting spores. These spores germinate in the spring and cause infection of young seedlings (primarily volunteer seedlings), since sunflowers are not normally seeded until later in the spring. The rust spreads by wind-borne spores from volunteer fields to volunteer plants along roadways, to wild sunflowers and to sunflowers seeded for the current year’s crop. Under favorable conditions, rust multiplies rapidly. Thus it is not surprising that an apparent light infection in June can result in severe rust in August. - Source: Internet
- Seed will germinate at 42 degrees Fahrenheit but a 50 degree temperature is more satisfactory for uniform stands. Temperatures must be 26 degrees Fahrenheit or lower for several hours to kill mature plants. Climatic conditions during seed development affect fatty acid composition of the oil which determines its food value. Tolerance to cold and high temperatures contributes to sunflower adaptation in different environments. - Source: Internet
- Many of the newer hybrid varieties possess resistance to Verticillium wilt. When growing susceptible varieties, avoid or prevent Verticillium wilt through managerial practices. To minimize the introduction and buildup of Verticillium in the soil, growers should (1) plant only high quality, disease-free certified seed, (2) use a 3 to 4 year crop rotation which includes non-host crops, and (3) avoid growing sunflowers on land known to have a history of Verticillium wilt. - Source: Internet
- Sunflowers are of either standard height or double dwarf. The dwarf sunflower seldom achieves more that 40 inches in height while standard height hybrids can exceed 6 feet if growing conditions are good. The primary advantage of dwarf hybrids is lodging resistance. Dwarf hybrids are often planted in narrow rows at higher populations, whereas standard height hybrids are best planted in conventional rows. - Source: Internet
- Although Phoma black stem may occur at any time during the season, it is more pronounced after flowering. Infested plants often are weakened, producing small heads with poorly filled seed. The stem is severely weakened at the point of attack and subject to lodging. Splashing water is the primary means of spreading the disease. Consequently, the occurrence of Phoma black stem at economically important levels has been sporadic in nature and closely associated with heavy precipitation during or immediately after flowering. - Source: Internet
- Fire hazards exist in dryers used for sunflower. Very fine hairs or fibers from the seed are rubbed loose during handling and are commonly found floating in the air around the dryer. These hairs or fibers ignite when drawn through the drying fan and open burner. A fire hazard is present unless these ignited particles burn themselves out before contacting the sunflower seed. - Source: Internet
- Rust, incited by the fungus Puccinia helianth, is characterized by cinnamon-colored spots which occur primarily on the leaves, which under severe infestations, also occur on the stems, petioles, bracts, and the back of the head. Rust usually is not observed until flowering, but under some conditions it may appear earlier. As the season progresses, the spots turn black as the summer spores are replaced by black overwintering spores. - Source: Internet
- Sunflowers are a row crop, but the row width varies depending upon the equipment available. Performance has been better when the width of the row has been between 20 and 30 inches, however, widths as wide as 40 inches and as narrow as 14 inches have produced good yields. Row spacing with conventional height sunflower should correspond with harvest equipment. A difference of a few inches in row width would not justify the investment for a different set of equipment. - Source: Internet
- The sunflower moth is the most common pest of sunflowers in Texas. The larvae of the insect overwinters in soil and the adult moth emerges in early spring. The first generation is maintained by wild host plants. The second and third generations by eggs on both wild and cultivated sunflowers and these constitute the major threat to commercial sunflower crops. - Source: Internet
- Low temperature bin drying is energy efficient if designed properly and permits rapid harvest since bins can be filled at the harvest rate. Drying will take three to six weeks depending on the initial moisture content and airflow rate. Required airflow rates and drying time for drying oil sunflower at various moisture contents using air at 47 degrees Fahrenheit and 65 percent relative humidity are shown in Table 3. - Source: Internet
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